Quiz


You probably have already heard of some of the following mathematicians, maybe all of them. You may even be familiar with their work. But can you tell in which century/ies they lived or still live, and which country they come from? The photos may give you some hints.

Mathematician Photo Some key contributions
Abel photo algebraic equations; polynomials of degree 5; group theory (abstract algebra); Abelian integrals (integral calculus); elliptic integrals (integral calculus)
al-Khwarizmi photo algebraic equations; polynomials of degree 2; arithmetic; Hindu-Arabic numeral system
Apollonius of Perga conic sections (geometry); book "Conics"
Appell photo Appell series; differential equations; Appell sequence (polynomials); elliptic functions
Archimedes photo geometry; volumes of solids of revolution; trigonometry; Archimedean spiral
Arnold photo differential equations; dynamical systems; KAM theorem (integrable systems); catastrophe theory; mathematical physics
Artin photo Artinian rings (abstract algebra); algebraic number theory (abstract algebra); Galois theory; braid theory (topology)
Aryabhata photo algebraic equations; polynomials of degree 2; Diophantine equations; trigonometry
Banach photo Banach space (functional analysis); Banach algebra (functional analysis); Banach-Tarski paradox (topology)
Bayes photo Bayesian probability (probability theory)
Beltrami photo non-Euclidean geometry; Beltrami–Klein model (geometry); Singular value decomposition (matrix theory)
Bernoulli, Daniel photo probability theory
Bernoulli, Jacob photo Bernoulli numbers; constant e; Bernoulli distribution; Bernoulli differential equation
Bernoulli, Johann photo infinitesimal calculus
Bernoulli, Nicolaus II photo St. Petersburg paradox (probability theory)
Bessel photo Bessel functions (special functions)
Bézout photo algebraic equations; Bézout's identity (number theory)
Bhaskara II algebraic equations; polynomials of degree 2; Diophantine equations; Pell's equation
Bienaymé photo Bienaymé-Chebyshev inequality (probability theory); Bienaymé formula (statistics)
Binet photo matrix multiplication; Cauchy-Binet formula (matrix theory); matrix algebra; Binet-Cauchy identity; Binet's Fibonacci number formula (number theory); Binet equation (differential equation)
Bolyai photo non-Euclidian geometry; complex analysis
Bolzano photo foundations of mathematics; limit of a function; Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem
Boole photo Boolean algebra; mathematical logic
Borel photo Borel set (topology); measure theory; probability theory
Brahmagupta algebraic equations; polynomials of degree 2; Diophantine equations; Pell's equation; arithmetic; use of 0
Brioschi photo elliptic functions; polynomials of degree 5; polynomials of degree 6
Brouwer photo topology; Brouwer's fixed-point theorem (algebraic topology); simplicial approximation theorem (algebraic topology); invariance of domain (topology)
Cantor photo foundations of mathematics; axiomatization; set theory; transfinite numbers; cardinal numbers; ordinal numbers; transcendental numbers
Cardano photo algebraic equations; polynomials of degree 3
Cartan photo Cartan matrix; group theory (abstract algebra); Cartan decomposition (abstract algebra); Cartan's theorem (abstract algebra)
Cauchy photo foundations of mathematics; series; complex analysis; infinitesimal calculus; limit of a function; Cauchy sequence; continuity; Cauchy-Schwarz inequality; group theory (abstract algebra)
Cayley photo group theory (abstract algebra); Cayley's theorem (group theory); Cayley-Hamilton theorem (matrix theory); Cayley graph (graph theory); Cayley's formula (graph theory)
Cesàro photo differential geometry; Cesàro mean (divergent series)
Chasles photo Chasles's relation (geometry); cross-ratio (geometry); coined the term "homothety"
Chebyshev photo Chebyshev polynomials; orthogonal polynomials; Bienaymé-Chebyshev inequality (probability theory); Chebyshev function (number theory); Chebyshev's bias (number theory)
Clairaut photo Clairaut's equation (differential equation); Clairaut's relation (differential geometry)
Cramer photo Cramer's rule (matrix theory)
D'Alembert photo fundamental theorem of algebra; d'Alembertian
Darboux photo Darboux sums (integral calculus); Darboux integral (integral calculus); Darboux's formula (series and integral calculus); Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation (differential equations); differential geometry of surfaces
Dedekind photo foundations of mathematics; set theory; ring theory (abstract algebra); number theory
Del Ferro algebraic equations; polynomials of degree 3
De Moivre photo de Moivre's formula (trigonometry); Binet's formula (number theory); probability theory
De Morgan photo De Morgan's laws; mathematical logic; mathematical induction
Descartes photo Cartesian geometry; convention of using x, y, z etc. for unknowns in equations and a, b, c, etc. for knowns
Dieudonné photo Dieudonné module (abstract algebra); Dieudonné ring (abstract algebra); books
Diophantus algebraic equations; polynomials of degree 2; Diophantine equations
Dirichlet photo number theory; Dirichlet L-functions; Fourier series; continuity; Dirichlet integral (integral calculus)
Dudeney photo recreational mathematics
Eisenstein photo Eisenstein criterion (polynomials); quadratic reciprocity law; number theory
Eratosthenes photo sieve of Eratosthenes (number theory)
Erdélyi special functions; orthogonal polynomials; hypergeometric functions
Erdös photo graph theory; number theory; Prime Number Theorem; probability theory
Euclid photo arithmetic; number theory; trigonometry; Euclidian geometry
Eudoxus of Cnidus geometry; method of exhaustion (integral calculus)
Euler photo infinitesimal calculus; Seven Bridges of Königsberg (graph theory); number theory; Euler's totient function; power series; Euler-Maclaurin formula (series and integral calculus); transcendental numbers; concept of mathematical function
Faltings photo number theory; Mordell conjecture
Faulhaber photo Faulhaber's formula (sums of powers)
Fejér harmonic analysis; Fejér kernel (Fourier series); Fejér's theorem
Fermat photo Diophantine equations; Pell's equation; Fermat's little theorem (number theory); Fermat's theorem on sums of two squares (number theory); Fermat numbers (number theory); Fermat's Last Theorem (number theory)
Ferrari algebraic equations; polynomials of degree 4
Fibonacci photo Fibonacci numbers; Hindu-Arabic numeral system
Fourier photo Fourier series; Fourier transform
Fraenkel photo mathematical logic; foundations of mathematics; axiomatization; Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms (set theory)
Freedman photo geometric topology; Poincaré conjecture for n=4
Frobenius photo elliptic functions; differential equations; Frobenius algebra (abstract algebra); Perron–Frobenius theorem (matrix theory)
Galois photo algebraic equations; polynomials of any degree; Galois theory
Gardner photo recreational mathematics
Gauss photo fundamental theorem of algebra; number theory; quadratic forms; modular arithmetic; convention of using ≡ for congruence; geometry; Gaussian curvature (differential geometry); differential geometry of surfaces; Gauss-Jordan elimination (matrix theory)
Gelfand photo group theory; representation theory; functional analysis
Germain photo number theory; Fermat's last theorem (number theory); differential equations
Gödel photo mathematical logic; foundations of mathematics; Gödel's incompleteness theorems
Goldbach Goldbach's conjecture; Fermat numbers (number theory)
Green Green's theorem (integral calculus); Green's identities (integral calculus)
Grothendieck photo algebraic geometry; algebraic number theory (abstract algebra)
Hadamard photo prime number theorem (number theory); complex analysis; differential geometry; calculus of variations; differential equations
Hamilton, Richard photo differential geometry; Ricci flow (differential geometry)
Hamilton, William photo Hamiltonian; quaternions; hamiltonian paths (graph theory); Hamilton-Jacobi equation (differential equation)
Hardy photo number theory; analysis; Waring's problem; Hardy–Littlewood conjectures
Hausdorff photo Hausdorff space (topology); Hausdorff maximal principle (set theory); Hausdorff measure (measure theory)
Hermite photo Hermitian matrices; Hermite normal form; Hermite polynomials; Hermitian forms; transcendental numbers
Heron of Alexandria photo square roots; algebraic equations; polynomials of degree 2; Heron's formula
Hilbert photo foundations of mathematics; axiomatization; Hilbert space; functional analysis; Hilbert's 23 problems
Hipparchus photo trigonometry
Hölder photo abstract algebra; classification of simple groups (group theory); Hölder's inequality (analysis); Hölder condition (analysis); Hölder's theorem (gamma function)
Ito probability theory; stochastic differential equations; Ito's lemma
Iwasawa Iwasawa decomposition (abstract algebra); Iwasawa algebra (abstract algebra); Iwasawa theory (abstract algebra)
Jacobi photo elliptic functions; Hamilton-Jacobi equation (differential equation); Jacobian matrix; Jacobian (determinant); Jacobi symbol
Jordan, Camille photo group theory (abstract algebra); Jordan matrix; Jordan's totient function; Jordan curve theorem (topology)
Jordan, Wilhelm photo Gauss-Jordan elimination (matrix theory)
Klein photo non-Euclidean geometry; Klein bottle (geometry); Erlangen program (geometry); Beltrami–Klein model (geometry); group theory (abstract algebra)
Kolmogorov photo probability theory; differential equations; KAM theorem (integrable systems); stochastic processes
Kovalevskaya photo Cauchy–Kowalevski theorem (differential equations); Abelian integrals (integral calculus)
Kronecker photo Kronecker δ; Kronecker product (matrix theory); Kronecker symbol (number theory); algebraic number theory (abstract algebra)
L'Hôpital photo L'Hôpital's rule (infinitesimal calculus)
Lagrange photo Lagrange's four-square theorem (number theory); calculus of variations; Euler-Lagrange equation (differential equation); Lagrange multipliers (mathematical optimization); Lagrangian
Lang photo abstract algebra; Diophantine geometry; modular forms; books
Langlands abstract algebra; Langlands program (algebra and analysis)
Laplace photo Laplacian; Laplace transform; Bayesian probability (probability theory)
Laurent Laurent series (complex analysis); Laurent polynomial
Lebesgue photo Lebesgue integration (integral calculus); measure theory
Legendre photo least squares method; Legendre polynomials; quadratic reciprocity law; elliptic functions; Legendre symbol
Lehmer photo number theory; primality tests; Lucas-Lehmer test; Mersenne primes
Leibniz photo infinitesimal calculus; convention of using d for differentials (infinitesimal calculus); convention of using an elongated S for integrals (integral calculus)
Levi-Civita photo tensor calculus; Hamilton–Jacobi equation
Lie photo Lie groups (abstract algebra); group theory (abstract algebra)
Lions photo nonlinear partial differential equations
Liouville photo number theory; complex analysis; Liouville's theorem; transcendental numbers; Liouville numbers; Sturm-Liouville theory
Lipschitz photo Lipschitz continuity condition; Dini-Lipschitz criterion
Littlewood number theory; analysis; Diophantine approximation; Waring's problem; Hardy–Littlewood conjectures
Lobachevsky photo hyperbolic geometry (non-Euclidean geometry)
Lucas photo Diophantine equations; number theory; primality tests; Lucas sequences; Lucas numbers; Lucas-Lehmer test; Mersenne primes
Lyapunov photo differential equations; Lyapunov exponent (chaos theory); central limit theorem (probability theory)
Maclaurin photo Maclaurin series; Euler-Maclaurin formula (series and integral calculus)
Manin photo algebraic geometry; arithmetic topology; Diophantine geometry; Gauss-Manin connection
Markov photo Markov chains; Markov processes; stochastic processes
Matiyasevich photo Hilbert's tenth problem; Diophantine equations
Mazur photo geometric topology; arithmetic topology; Diophantine geometry
Mersenne photo Mersenne primes
Minkowski photo Minkowski inequality; number theory
Mittag-Leffler photo Mittag-Leffler function (special functions); Mittag-Leffler star (complex analysis); Mittag-Leffler's theorem (complex analysis); Mittag-Leffler summation (formal power series)
Mordell photo number theory; Diophantine equations; Mordell curve; modular forms; Mordell-Weil theorem; Mordell conjecture
Napier photo logarithm; decimal point
Newton photo dynamical systems; infinitesimal calculus; binomial theorem
Noether photo abstract algebra; Noetherian ring (abstract algebra)
Ostrogradsky photo divergence theorem; calculus of variations
Painlevé photo differential equations
Pascal photo probability theory; Pascal's triangle
Peano photo mathematical logic; foundations of mathematics; set theory; Peano axioms (axiomatization); Peano existence theorem (differential equations)
Perelman photo geometric topology; Poincaré conjecture for n=3; Thurston's geometrization conjecture (geometric topology)
Perron photo Perron method (differential equations); Perron–Frobenius theorem (matrix theory); Perron's formula (number theory)
Poincaré photo dynamical systems; Poincaré map (chaos theory); topology; Poincaré conjecture; fundamental group (algebraic topology); Fuchsian groups; Kleinian groups; differential equations
Poisson photo differential equations; Poisson's equation; probability theory; Poisson distribution
Pólya photo heuristics; combinatorics; number theory; probability theory
Pythagoras photo arithmetic; Pythagorean theorem
Ramanujan photo number theory; series; continued fractions; Ramanujan-Petersson conjecture
Ribet photo Fermat's last theorem (number theory); modular forms; Taniyama-Shimura conjecture (topology and number theory)
Riccati photo Riccati equation (differential equation)
Ricci-Curbastro photo tensor calculus; Ricci flow (differential geometry); Ricci curvature (differential geometry)
Riemann photo Riemannian geometry (non-Euclidean geometry); Riemann zeta function; Riemann hypothesis; Riemann integral (integral calculus); real analysis; differential geometry of surfaces;
Riesz divergent series; partial differential equations
Rolle Rolle's theorem
Russell photo mathematical logic; foundations of mathematics; Russell's paradox
Sarrus rule of Sarrus (determinants); Sarrus numbers (number theory)
Schwartz photo theory of distributions
Serre photo algebraic geometry; algebraic number theory (abstract algebra)
Shimura photo Fermat's last theorem (number theory); Taniyama-Shimura conjecture (topology and number theory)
Simpson Simpson's rule (integral calculus)
Smale photo geometric topology; h-cobordism; Poincaré conjecture for n≥5
Sobolev photo theory of distributions; Sobolev space (analysis)
Stallings photo geometric group theory; Stallings theorem about ends of groups (group theory); geometric topology; Poincaré conjecture for n=6
Stewart photo recreational mathematics
Stieltjes photo Riemann-Stieltjes integral (integral calculus); continued fractions; orthogonal polynomials
Stirling Stirling numbers; Stirling permutations; Stirling's approximation (factorials)
Stokes photo Stokes's theorem (differential geometry); Stokes line (complex analysis)
Sturm photo Sturm's theorem (polynomials); Sturm-Liouville equation (differential equation); Sturm-Liouville theory (S-L theory); Sturm series (polynomials)
Sun Zi algebraic equations; Diophantine equations; square roots; Chinese remainder theorem (number theory); books
Sylvester photo Sylvester's determinant theorem (matrix theory); Sylvester's formula (matrix theory); Sylvester equation (matrix theory); coined the terms "graph", "discriminant", and "totient"
Szegö orthogonal polynomials; Toeplitz matrices
Taniyama photo Fermat's last theorem (number theory); Taniyama-Shimura conjecture (topology and number theory)
Tao photo Green-Tao theorem (number theory); circular law (probability theory); Hardy-Littlewood prime tuples conjecture; prime gaps (number theory)
Tartaglia photo algebraic equations; polynomials of degree 3
Taylor, Brook photo Taylor series; Taylor's theorem
Taylor, Richard photo Fermat's last theorem (number theory); Taniyama-Shimura conjecture (topology and number theory); Langlands program (algebra and analysis)
Thales photo geometry
Thom photo topology; catastrophe theory; singularity theory
Thue photo Diophantine equations; Diophantine approximations; Thue equation; Thue-Siegel-Roth theorem
Thurston photo manifolds (topology); foliation theory (topology); Thurston's geometrization conjecture (geometric topology)
Turán photo number theory; graph theory
Vandermonde Vandermonde matrix; Vandermonde determinant; Vandermonde's identity
Van der Waerden photo abstract algebra
Viète photo convention of using letters for unknowns in equations
Vinogradov analytic number theory
Von Neumann photo foundations of mathematics; measure theory; ergodic theory
Wallis photo approximation of π; convention of using symbol ∞ for infinity; infinitesimal calculus
Weierstrass photo foundations of mathematics; axiomatization; limit of a function; analysis; Weierstrass factorization theorem (complex analysis); Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem; elliptic functions; calculus of variations
Weil photo number theory; algebraic geometry; Mordell-Weil theorem; Weil conjectures
Weyl photo Riemann surfaces (topology); compact groups (abstract algebra); Weyl groups (abstract algebra); Lie algebras (abstract algebra); Weyl law (eigenvalues); Weyl's criterion (Diophantine equations)
Wiles photo Fermat's last theorem (number theory); Taniyama-Shimura conjecture (topology and number theory)
Yoccoz photo dynamical systems
Zeeman photo geometric topology; Poincaré conjecture for n=5; catastrophe theory; singularity theory
Zermelo photo mathematical logic; foundations of mathematics; axiomatization; Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms (set theory)

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